Wednesday, June 1, 2011

Question from Reader: More Severe Genes?

I love getting questions from readers and this one came at a perfect time in light of some new research that just came out. It sounds, given my answer, that I disagree with the research, but in fact I don't. Genes do play a role in how CF manifests itself in our lives, it does not however play the only role. She also asked about IVF and the role, if any, that PGD played in our decision.

Can I ask ? Is there certain Cf genes that are more sever than others or does it make any difference ? How old were u when ur parents told u that u had Cf I don't know when I should approach that with eoin he is 6. Also congrats on your 13 wk scan all looks great did u guys do ivf with pgd ?

My Response:

You know they do classify genes into one of five classes. The classes are often just a representation of how well our cell is functioning. For instance, class 1 has little to no cell function where class 5 has very close to normal cell function. My mutation DDF508 (the most common mutation in the CF community) is considered a class 2. It's important to remember that despite our “class” of gene we have a lot of control in how CF is presented in our lives. I've met people with my mutation that were very sick early on and I've met people with my mutation that are in their 60s. So to make a long story short, it's not about what gene mutation we have, it's about what we do to take care of ourselves.

I don't know how old I was when my mom first discussed CF with me, but I know I was very young. She presented it like this: some people have brown hair, some people wear glasses, some people are in wheelchairs, some people can jump high, and some people have cystic fibrosis. She made it very clear that I was a normal kid who happened to have CF and I was treated as such.

We did IVF but not PGD. Mandi had the CF screen for all 1600 mutations before we did IVF. Mandi is not a carrier of the CF mutation, so we went ahead with starting a family. If she did in fact carry the CF gene, we would have created our family through other means like adoption/fostering.

So good to hear that your boys are doing well! Just keep them faithful with their treatments and as active as possible and chances are they will have a very normal life.

**If you ever have a particular question you'd like to shoot my way, please feel free to email me at ronnie@cysticlife.org or find me on CysticLife!

Comments (21)

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My mom was the same way...I was treated just like my brothers and sister. I had chores, I got grounded, and was expected to do well in school. Everything a "normal" kid was expected to do I was no different. :)
2 replies · active 724 weeks ago
I think I was grounded more than most "normal" kids :)
LOL me too!! That's funny....
Interesting study Ronnie,

Strangely enough I also just took part in a study yesterday that is investigating why some people with the same gene mutations fair differently than others. More specifically it is looking at "modifier genes" and RNA function, which can explain why two people with the same gene can have such different outcomes. While yes, you are correct we DO have a lot of control over our CF by being proactive-- it's certainly mind-boggling to me when I meet someone with the same mutation, slacks with treatments, and is somehow twice my age and doing soooo much better (Side note: I DO NOT promote slacking). But if you're doing everything possible and still not doing as well, don't beat yourself up! (self-abuse isn't helpful) All you can ever do is try your best!
1 reply · active less than 1 minute ago
Right, and I guess that's the overall point. No matter what genes we have we have to give our best effort to ultimately be the best version of ourselves.
Melissa Jones-Weston's avatar

Melissa Jones-Weston · 724 weeks ago

One thing that people with CF (and any genetic disease that is passed down the same way *such as Epidermolysis Bullosa*) need to keep in mind with PGD is that the science is not perfect. One egg may come up as *unknown* and you may choose to use this egg, and STILL have a CF child. If anyone wants to argue this please read this blog: http://bennettandellie.blogspot.com/2010/09/this-... . I truly commend you for deciding to go towards adoption if Mandi turned out to be a carrier. You two are going to be splendid parents and I suggest you set up a post office box so that us supporters can send baby gifts!!!
2 replies · active 724 weeks ago
You're right, the science is not perfect. If it were however, we still wouldn't have done it :) Even with IVF, we made the decision that we would use every embryo created no matter what - whether they were "perfect" or not. As always, God knew what He was doing and we only ended up with two embryos, put both back and one "stuck".
Oh, and just everyone's well wishes will be more than enough for our little peanut. We appreciate the thought though :)
It is interesting to see the differences it has between people with the same mutation. John has the same as you Ronnie. From reading your blog, you both have very different issues. His are less lung and more digestive. He has trouble with weight gain no matter how much he eats and exercises which is very discouraging to him. I see guys like you and wonder if it is part CF and part overall genetic make up. His parents were both thin at his age and he very much resembles his dad. His brother also had CF, I don't know his mutation though. John was only tested because his brother was. Mike had problems with collapsed lungs and it made them look further into the reasons. I think John said he was 9 or 10 when he was diagnosed. He was put into the hospital with his brother for a week and made to watch a severely outdated video that scared the crap out of him. Thank goodness there is much more current information out there to help parents in educating their kids about their CF diagnosis. We also went through IVF after I had my gene testing done.
2 replies · active 724 weeks ago
It is all very interesting. If John's brother was his full blood brother then his mutations would have been the same.
REALLY? I did not know that. Yes, they were full blood brothers. Mike had so many more complications that John ever has. Mike eventually received a transplant, but due to an infection passed in the hospital (and the lungs had pneumonia!) he did not have a quality of life after transplant and did not survive the infection. I'm intrigued.
Wonderful answer, I couldn't agree more. We also told Luisa when she was little at diagnosis, almost 9 years old. She has always know that she is the maker of her destiny.
Ronnie, do you know what mutations they found to be "the worst" and "the best"? I agree either way, that its not just about genes its about a combination of things: exercise, compliance, other risk factors, family history, atmosphere/climate, exposure, bacteria, allergies, and the list goes onnnnn. I don't understand how they could do that research with all those "confounding variables," but its all about doing your best no matter what those silly numbers and stats say! There are ALWAYS exceptions and we shouldn't count ourselves out as one of 'em :) great post!
1 reply · active 724 weeks ago
Well, it goes by "classes" 1 through 5. So you'd want to look up what mutations fall under those classes. Again though, it's not an exact science and there has been much debate on the subject.
Allison B.'s avatar

Allison B. · 723 weeks ago

Ronnie, as a mom to a new "CFer" (2.5 months) I love reading your reflections about your mom and it helps me understand what my son's perspective may be like in a few years. My goal is to give him a normal life, sometimes I really struggle with how to do that though.

Mandi - don't worry about your "shrinking" belly - it won't shrink as much if you go a second time around! :)

Question: a prior post mentioned that Mandi was screened for all mutations prior to going through IVF. How was that done and did it cost anything out of pocket? Thank you!
1 reply · active 723 weeks ago
You'll do fine mama! Remember, parent him like any other child and pretend like CF doesn't even enter into your decision making- unless we're talking treatments of course!

Mandi was screened by a company called Ambry Genetics and used a simple blood sample to test her for all 1600+ known mutations. We did not pay anything out of pocket because we "won" the test. I'm not sure what the retail cost of the test is.
Sorry to jump in, but since this is such an important topic, I felt it was important to share with a little more specificity the latest understanding of some of this.

There are actually six classes of mutations, and they don't directly range from 1-6 in "severity". Also, they don't indicate severity so much as the manner in which the CFTR protein and/or transport is faulty - a cellular issue that has not been proven to be affected by patient behaviors. There's a lot of great information with more detail and specifics in this article on the CFF website:
http://www.cff.org/aboutCFFoundation/Publications...

Taking care of yourself - treatments, exercise, nutrition, etc, are all still extremely important to put yourself in the best position for optimum health, but none currently available have any direct impact on the cellular-level mutation problem itself - that's exactly where these new treatments come in and why they're so exciting!

Lastly, a quick but important distinction: DeltaF508 is the most commonly identified mutation, but *double* DeltaF508 is a genotype, *not* a mutation. Everyone has two mutations, which are often not the same; the genotype identifies the pair, and their interaction with one another (which is arguably equally if not more important than the mutations individually). DF508 is the most *commonly identified*mutation, but DDF508 is not necessarily the most common *genotype*, and if it is, it's by a slim margin - it's not like there is a vast majority of double deltas and other genotypes are sort of "odd type out" in CF statistics.

Also, while that DF508 is the most commonly *identified* mutation , many scientists argue that may just as well be because it was the *first* identified mutation, and as more mutations are identified AND more individuals learn their genotype, that will likely change, as it doesn't make sense that DF508 would be the most common from an evolutionary biology standpoint.

The most important reason to know your (or your child's) genotype is because the new wave of treatments are all going to be rather class specific, if not mutation specific - knowing BOTH of your mutations lets you know whether new trials apply to you (so you can participate and get them to market quicker!) and if they don't, whether the science might be in the same wheelhouse and therefore might eventually - or at least more quickly than a treatment targeting a mutation in a completely different class.

Hope that helps clarify some things!
1 reply · active 722 weeks ago
Wow, thanks. I may have to share this as a blog :)
Wow - you all get caught up in things... Just get out and enjoy life and BELIEVE!
1 reply · active 722 weeks ago
Not getting caught up, getting educated :)

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